Bonnemaisonia hamifera
Description:
The life-history involves an alternation between morphologically different gametophyte
and tetrasporophyte.
Gametophyte plants occurring from March-June, brownish-red,
fronds feathery, with a slightly flattened axis to1 mm wide and 350 mm long,
attched to Cystoseira and other algae by crozier-shaped,
hook-like modified branches.
Tetrasporophyte ("Trailliella intricata
phase") plants occurring all year round, but most obvious
in October-March, brownish-red, much branched, filamentous, in dense cotton-wool-like
tufts to 25 mm in diameter.
(In: Seaweed Site -©Michael D. Guiry - http://seaweed.ucg.ie/descriptions/Bonham.html)
Bonnemaisonia-phase

Key characteristics: Crozier-shaped hooks for secondary attachment;
seasonal occurrence from March to June.
Trailliella-phase (tetrasporophyte "pom-poms" growing on Corallina
officinalis)

Habitat: Probably introduced from Japan or its environs, at the end of the last century; gametophyte first found in Europe (Isle of Wight) in 1893, on rocks and other algae, lowest intertidal and subtidal, southern and western coasts, rare. Tetrasporophyte first recorded in British Isles (Dorset) in 1890, epiphytic on Corallina officinalis, lower tidal pools and subtidal, now widely distributed on southern and western coasts to Shetland Isles, frequent and can be abundant in certain locations, notably where there are large, lagoon-like lower intertidal pools.
Similar
species:
Gametophyte: Bonnemaisonia
asparagoides, which lacks the crozier-shaped
hooks and is largely a subtidal plant.
Tetrasporophyte: ball-like habit is shared with the 'Falkenbergia-phase'
of Asparagopsis
armata. A microscope is required to distinguish
the two: the tetrasporphyte of B. hamifera has small colourless cells
that alternate from side to side of the filamet; these are absent in the tetrasporphyte
of A. armata, which, in addition, is several cells in width.
Bonnemaisonia cf. hamifera
(fotografia obtida nos Açores)